Activation Energy Of Acid Catalyzed Sucrose Hydrolysis Is Catalyzed

Manual/Chymotrypsin%20Mechanism.gif' alt='Activation Energy Of Acid Catalyzed Sucrose Hydrolysis Is Catalyzed' title='Activation Energy Of Acid Catalyzed Sucrose Hydrolysis Is Catalyzed' />Multiple Choice Questions Biochemistry for Medics Lecture Notes. A full term female infant failed to gain weight and showed metabolic acidosis in the neonatal period. A physical examination at 6 months showed failure to thrive, hypotonia, small muscle mass, severe head lag, and a persistent acidosis p. Neotech Black Font there. H 7. 0 to 7. 2. Blood lactate, pyruvate, and alanine were greatly elevated. Booker Biology, Chapters 57 Learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. Q. 1 Why do animals store energy as glycogen Why not convert all excess fuel into fatty acids AnswerGlycogen is a readily mobilized storage form of glucose. Treatment with thiamine did not alleviate the lactic acidosis. Which of the following enzymes is most likely deficient in this patientEnzymes can accelerate reactions in several ways, all of which lower the activation energy G, Gibbs free energy By stabilizing the transition state. Alanine amino transferaseb Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinasec Pyruvate carboxylased Pyruvate dehydrogenasee Pyruvate kinase The right answer is dThe symptoms are suggestive of Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency. Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex PDC deficiency PDCD is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders associated with abnormal mitochondrial metabolism. Pyruvate dehydrogenase, a multienzyme complex, catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl co A. The major fate of Acetyl co A is oxidation in citric acid cycle, which is a chief metabolic cycle to derive energy from carbohydrates. Malfunction of this cycle deprives the body of energy. The impaired conversion of pyruvate to Acetyl co A leads to elevation of blood pyruvate, lactate and alanine. The persistent metabolic acidosis is due to accumulation of lactates in blood that results in nonspecific symptoms e. Oriental Journal of Chemistry is a peer reviewed quarterly research journal of pure and applied chemistry. It publishes standard research papers in almost all thrust. Acrobat PDF file can be downloaded here. The metabolism of the sugars found in our food is discussed in all textbooks and I will not take up all of the details here. Similar symptoms though mild in nature can also be observed in Thiamine deficiency, as TPP is requires as a coenzyme for PDH complex. Since in the given case the patient is resistant to supplementation with thiamine, the deficiency of thiamine is ruled out. Alanine transferase catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to alanine transamination. It cannot be the defect as alanine levels are also elevated. Phospho enol pyruvate carboxy kinase catalyzes the conversion of Oxaloacetate to phosphoenol pyruvate. The deficiency is rare. Pyruvate carboxylase catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to oxaloacetate. Pyruvate kinase catalyzes the conversion of phosphoenol pyruvate to pyruvate. The clinical manifestations in the given case are only suggestive of PDH complex deficiency. A 3 year old female child whose growth rate has been in the lower 1. She is diagnosed as having cystic fibrosis. For which of the following vitamins is this child most likely to be at risk of deficiency Vitamin Cb Vitamin B6c Folic acidd Retinol vitamin Ae Riboflavin vitamin B2The right answer is d Cystic fibrosis, is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting approximately 1 in 2. It is caused due to defective chloride ion channels of exocrine glands and epithelial tissues involving pancreas, sweat glands, and mucous glands in the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive tracts. Affected patients usually have abnormal mucus secretion resulting in recurrent respiratory infections, gastrointestinal obstruction and pancreatic enzyme dysfunction. The protein cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR is defective, leading to abnormal chloride transport. Because cystic fibrosis leads to pancreatic damage and diminution of the ability to secrete HCO3 and pancreatic digestive enzymes, as a result fat and protein are absorbed poorly. Retinol is a fat soluble vitamin that must be absorbed along with lipid micelles hence the absorption of retinol is grossly affected. The absorption of other fat soluble vitamins E, D, and K is also decreased. Vitamins C, B6, folic acid and riboflavin are water soluble vitamins and their absorption is not significantly affected. A 5. 4 year old male who was diagnosed with HIV human immuno deficiency virus infection 2 years back, is currently in the terminal stage. He is now cachectic and having a difficult time obtaining any caloric intake yet he refuses to take a naso gastric or gastric feeding tube. Since his muscle and organs are metabolically active, which of the following amino acids will produce both glucose and ketone bodies as an energy source Alanineb Tyrosinec Prolined Glycinee Leucine. The right answer is b Tyrosine. Tyrosine is the only amino acid in the given options that is both glucogenic as well as ketogenic. Upon metabolism tyrosine produce one molecule of fumarate and one molecule of acetoacetate. Fumarate is converted to Oxaloacetate through intermediate formation of malate which can be converted to glucose. Acetoacetate is cleaved to form 2 molecules of acetyl co A under the effect of Thiolase enzyme. Since Acetyl co A is a precursor of ketone bodies, thus it represents the ketogenic component of Tyrosine. Alanine can be transaminated to pyruvate catalyzed by alanine transferase which can be channeled towards the pathway of gluconeogenesis, thus it is purely glucogenic. Proline upon metabolism produces Alpha ketoglutarate, a TCA cycle intermediate that can be converted to oxaloacetate and thus it is glucogenic. Glycine is also purely glucogenic. Glycine is converted to serine that produces pyruvate by non oxidative deamination. Leucine is purely ketogenic. Upon metabolism it produces acetoacetate and acetyl Co. A, both are ketogenic fractions. A 4. 0 year old man presents with chest pain that radiates to his left jaw and shoulder. He is diagnosed with a myocardial infarct heart attack and is prescribed a statin medication. Statins are competitive inhibitors of HMG Co. A reductase, which converts HMG Co A to which of the followingIsopentenyl pyrophosphateb Mevalonatec Geranyl pyrophosphated Farnesyl pyrophosphatee Cholesterol. The right answer is b Mevalonate. The reaction catalyzed by HMG Co A reductase is the principal regulatory step in the pathway of cholesterol synthesis and is the site of action of the most effective class of cholesterol lowering drugs, the HMG Co. A reductase inhibitors statins. Isopentenyl pyrophosphate is formed from Mevalonate. Mevalonate is phosphorylated sequentially by ATP by three kinases, and after decarboxylation the active isoprenoid unit, Isopentenyl pyrophosphate C5, is formed. Open Source Libraries Pdf on this page. Isopentenyl diphosphate is isomerized by a shift of the double bond to form dimethylallyl pyrophosphate, then condensed with another molecule of Isopentenyl diphosphate to form the ten carbon intermediate Geranyl pyrophosphate C1. A further condensation of Geranyl pyrophosphate C1. Isopentenyl pyrophosphate forms Farnesyl pyrophosphate C1. Cholesterol is the final product of the pathway. Snes9xtyl Game Could Not there. Which of the following compounds is the direct precursor for the heme nitrogen atoms Glucoseb Glycinec Succinyl co Ad Alaninee Methionine. The right answer is b Glycine. Heme is synthesized in living cells by a pathway that requires Succinyl Co. A, derived from the citric acid cycle in mitochondria, and the amino acid glycine. The product of the condensation reaction between Succinyl Co. A and glycine is amino ketoadipic acid, which is rapidly decarboxylated to form amino levulinate ALA. Through a number of further steps Heme is synthesized. Glucose does not have nitrogen in its structure to contribute towards heme formation, whereas alanine and methionine do possess amino groups but they do not contribute to Heme nitrogen. A pregnant woman is able to transfer oxygen to her fetus because fetal hemoglobin has a greater affinity for oxygen than does adult hemoglobin. Why is the affinity of fetal hemoglobin for oxygen higherThe tense form of hemoglobin is more prevalent in the circulation of the fetus. Brooker Biology Exam 5 7 test bank Flashcards. Which of the following molecules would you predict moves through a lipid bilayer most rapidly A. C6. H1. 2O6. B. CH3. OHC. C2. H5. OHD. C4. H1. 0E. NH2. SO2. CH3. 24. Animal cells are permeable to water and urea but NOT to sucrose. The inside of a cell contains 1 M sucrose and 1 M urea and the outside 1 M sucrose and 2 M urea. The solution inside with respect to outside the cell is A. B. turgid. C. isotonic. D. saturated. E. hypertonic.